See -ier in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "-er"
}
],
"lang": "Middle French",
"lang_code": "frm",
"word": "-er"
},
{
"lang": "Gallo",
"lang_code": "roa-gal",
"word": "-ieu"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "-iram",
"word": "-ирам"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Georgian",
"lang_code": "ka",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed",
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"roman": "-ireba",
"word": "-ირება"
}
],
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "-irovatʹ",
"word": "-ировать"
},
{
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-irati"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"word": "-ieren"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "-iram",
"word": "-ирам"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Georgian",
"lang_code": "ka",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed",
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"roman": "-ireba",
"word": "-ირება"
}
],
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "-irovatʹ",
"word": "-ировать"
},
{
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-irati"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"raw_tags": [
"used alternatively until ca. 1900"
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "-iren"
}
],
"lang": "Middle High German",
"lang_code": "gmh",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-ieren"
},
{
"lang": "Norman",
"lang_code": "nrf",
"word": "-yi"
}
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "la:-āre<id:verb suffix>",
"id": "infinitive suffix"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" }, { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"influ.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Influenced by\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"verb suffix\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ere\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"influence\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-āre\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"-ier\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" }\" data-id=\"infinitive suffix\" data-lang=\"fro\" data-title=\"-ier\" id=\"Old_French:_infinitive_suffix\">",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "la",
"3": "-āre"
},
"expansion": "Latin -āre",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin -āre.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fro-conj-ier",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-ier",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "avoir -ié",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"multiword-construction"
]
},
{
"form": "en -ant",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gerund"
]
},
{
"form": "gerund of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gerund",
"multiword-construction"
]
},
{
"form": "-ant",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-ié",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-es",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-e",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ons",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-iez",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-ent",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"preterite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-as",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"preterite",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-a",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"preterite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ames",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural",
"preterite"
]
},
{
"form": "-astes",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural",
"preterite"
]
},
{
"form": "-ierent",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural",
"preterite"
]
},
{
"form": "-erai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-eras",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-era",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-erons",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"future",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-eroiz",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"future",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ereiz",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"future",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-erez",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"future",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-eront",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"future",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-eroie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ereie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-eroies",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ereies",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-eroit",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ereit",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-eriiens",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-eriens",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-eriiez",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-eriez",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-eroient",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ereient",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "present tense of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "present tense of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"multiword-construction",
"perfect",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfect tense of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"multiword-construction",
"pluperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfect tense of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"multiword-construction",
"pluperfect",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "preterite tense of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"anterior",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"multiword-construction",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "preterite tense of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"anterior",
"multiword-construction",
"past",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "future tense of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"future",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "future tense of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "conditional tense of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "conditional tense of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-s",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-t",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-asse",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-asses",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ast",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-issons",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-issiens",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-issoiz",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-issez",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-issiez",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-assent",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "present subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"multiword-construction",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "present subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"multiword-construction",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"multiword-construction",
"pluperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"multiword-construction",
"pluperfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-e",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ons",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-iez",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-er",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ar",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-ier",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "fro-conj-ier"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "24 11 7 7 6 13 20 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 40 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old French entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "42 35 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old French verbs ending in -ier",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old French verbs with weak-a2 preterite",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
4,
7
]
],
"english": "to forge",
"text": "forgier",
"translation": "to forge",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"suffix used to form infinitives of first conjugation verbs"
],
"id": "en--ier-fro-suffix-AZ9sAUR~",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-ier"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-erie"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "-ier"
},
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "-er"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-eer"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-er"
}
],
"lang": "Middle French",
"lang_code": "frm",
"word": "-er"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"conflated with -ere"
],
"word": "-er"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"raw_tags": [
"conflated with -ere"
],
"word": "-er"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "-er"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"raw_tags": [
"conflated with -ere"
],
"word": "-er"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "-ar"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-er"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"conflated with -ere"
],
"word": "-er"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"raw_tags": [
"conflated with -ere"
],
"word": "-er"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "-er"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"raw_tags": [
"conflated with -ere"
],
"word": "-er"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "-ar"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-eer"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"conflated with -ere"
],
"word": "-er"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"raw_tags": [
"conflated with -ere"
],
"word": "-er"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "-er"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"raw_tags": [
"conflated with -ere"
],
"word": "-er"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "-ar"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-ere"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"conflated with -ere"
],
"word": "-er"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"raw_tags": [
"conflated with -ere"
],
"word": "-er"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "-er"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"raw_tags": [
"conflated with -ere"
],
"word": "-er"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "-ar"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-ier"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"conflated with -ere"
],
"word": "-er"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"raw_tags": [
"conflated with -ere"
],
"word": "-er"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "-er"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"raw_tags": [
"conflated with -ere"
],
"word": "-er"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "-ar"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-ir"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"conflated with -ere"
],
"word": "-er"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"raw_tags": [
"conflated with -ere"
],
"word": "-er"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "-er"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"raw_tags": [
"conflated with -ere"
],
"word": "-er"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "-ar"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-yr"
},
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-iere"
},
{
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-ier"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"word": "-aire"
},
{
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"lang_code": "gd",
"word": "-air"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-aire"
},
{
"lang": "Sicilian",
"lang_code": "scn",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-eri"
}
],
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "la:-ārius<id:agent noun>",
"id": "nouns",
"pos": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#nominalization|Nominalization]] of\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjective\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjective\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"suffix\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-āzios\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ārius\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"nominalization\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ārius\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"-ier\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" }\" data-id=\"nouns\" data-lang=\"fro\" data-title=\"-ier\" id=\"Old_French:_nouns\">",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "la",
"3": "-ārius",
"4": "-ārium",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "accusative of <i class=\"Latn mention nowrap\" lang=\"la\">-ārius</i>",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Latin -ārium (accusative of -ārius)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "la",
"3": "-ārius",
"4": "-ārium",
"pos": "accusative of <i class=\"Latn mention nowrap\" lang=\"la\">-ārius</i>"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Latin -ārium (accusative of -ārius)",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Latin -ārium (accusative of -ārius).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-er",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-ier",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"pos": "suffix",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "-ir"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "-re"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "17 11 7 4 4 3 1 0 5 19 9 10 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 10 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 12 7 2 2 2 1 0 5 22 8 11 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 11 7 7 6 13 20 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 40 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old French entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "42 35 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
5,
8
]
],
"english": "butcher",
"text": "bouchier",
"translation": "butcher",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"indicates a profession"
],
"id": "en--ier-fro-suffix-fro:suf",
"senseid": [
"fro:suf"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "24 11 7 7 6 13 20 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 40 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old French entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "42 35 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
6,
9
]
],
"english": "forester",
"text": "forestier",
"translation": "forester",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"indicates location, where one lives"
],
"id": "en--ier-fro-suffix-XutTpEnm",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-ier"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old French entries with etymon",
"Old French entries with incorrect language header",
"Old French first group verbs",
"Old French lemmas",
"Old French suffixes",
"Old French terms derived from Latin",
"Old French terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old French terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Old French terms inherited from Latin",
"Old French terms inherited from Proto-Italic",
"Old French verbs ending in -ier",
"Old French verbs with weak-a2 preterite",
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon",
"Requests for pronunciation in Old French entries"
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "-er"
}
],
"lang": "Middle French",
"lang_code": "frm",
"word": "-er"
},
{
"lang": "Gallo",
"lang_code": "roa-gal",
"word": "-ieu"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "-iram",
"word": "-ирам"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Georgian",
"lang_code": "ka",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed",
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"roman": "-ireba",
"word": "-ირება"
}
],
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "-irovatʹ",
"word": "-ировать"
},
{
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-irati"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"word": "-ieren"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "-iram",
"word": "-ирам"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Georgian",
"lang_code": "ka",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed",
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"roman": "-ireba",
"word": "-ირება"
}
],
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "-irovatʹ",
"word": "-ировать"
},
{
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-irati"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"raw_tags": [
"used alternatively until ca. 1900"
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "-iren"
}
],
"lang": "Middle High German",
"lang_code": "gmh",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-ieren"
},
{
"lang": "Norman",
"lang_code": "nrf",
"word": "-yi"
}
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "la:-āre<id:verb suffix>",
"id": "infinitive suffix"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" }, { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"influ.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Influenced by\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"verb suffix\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ere\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"influence\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-āre\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"-ier\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" }\" data-id=\"infinitive suffix\" data-lang=\"fro\" data-title=\"-ier\" id=\"Old_French:_infinitive_suffix\">",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "la",
"3": "-āre"
},
"expansion": "Latin -āre",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin -āre.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fro-conj-ier",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-ier",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "avoir -ié",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"multiword-construction"
]
},
{
"form": "en -ant",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gerund"
]
},
{
"form": "gerund of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gerund",
"multiword-construction"
]
},
{
"form": "-ant",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-ié",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-es",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-e",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ons",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-iez",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-ent",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"preterite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-as",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"preterite",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-a",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"preterite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ames",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural",
"preterite"
]
},
{
"form": "-astes",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural",
"preterite"
]
},
{
"form": "-ierent",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural",
"preterite"
]
},
{
"form": "-erai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-eras",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-era",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-erons",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"future",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-eroiz",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"future",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ereiz",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"future",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-erez",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"future",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-eront",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"future",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-eroie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ereie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-eroies",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ereies",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-eroit",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ereit",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-eriiens",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-eriens",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-eriiez",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-eriez",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-eroient",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ereient",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "present tense of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "present tense of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"multiword-construction",
"perfect",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfect tense of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"multiword-construction",
"pluperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfect tense of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"multiword-construction",
"pluperfect",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "preterite tense of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"anterior",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"multiword-construction",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "preterite tense of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"anterior",
"multiword-construction",
"past",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "future tense of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"future",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "future tense of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "conditional tense of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "conditional tense of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-s",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-t",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-asse",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-asses",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ast",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-issons",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-issiens",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-issoiz",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-issez",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-issiez",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-assent",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "present subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"multiword-construction",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "present subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"multiword-construction",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"multiword-construction",
"pluperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"multiword-construction",
"pluperfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-e",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ons",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-iez",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-er",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ar",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-ier",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "fro-conj-ier"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old French terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
4,
7
]
],
"english": "to forge",
"text": "forgier",
"translation": "to forge",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"suffix used to form infinitives of first conjugation verbs"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-ier"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old French entries with etymon",
"Old French entries with incorrect language header",
"Old French lemmas",
"Old French suffixes",
"Old French terms derived from Latin",
"Old French terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old French terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Old French terms inherited from Latin",
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon",
"Requests for pronunciation in Old French entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-erie"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "-ier"
},
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "-er"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-eer"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-er"
}
],
"lang": "Middle French",
"lang_code": "frm",
"word": "-er"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"conflated with -ere"
],
"word": "-er"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"raw_tags": [
"conflated with -ere"
],
"word": "-er"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "-er"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"raw_tags": [
"conflated with -ere"
],
"word": "-er"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "-ar"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-er"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"conflated with -ere"
],
"word": "-er"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"raw_tags": [
"conflated with -ere"
],
"word": "-er"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "-er"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"raw_tags": [
"conflated with -ere"
],
"word": "-er"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "-ar"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-eer"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"conflated with -ere"
],
"word": "-er"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"raw_tags": [
"conflated with -ere"
],
"word": "-er"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "-er"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"raw_tags": [
"conflated with -ere"
],
"word": "-er"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "-ar"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-ere"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"conflated with -ere"
],
"word": "-er"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"raw_tags": [
"conflated with -ere"
],
"word": "-er"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "-er"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"raw_tags": [
"conflated with -ere"
],
"word": "-er"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "-ar"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-ier"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"conflated with -ere"
],
"word": "-er"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"raw_tags": [
"conflated with -ere"
],
"word": "-er"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "-er"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"raw_tags": [
"conflated with -ere"
],
"word": "-er"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "-ar"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-ir"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"conflated with -ere"
],
"word": "-er"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"raw_tags": [
"conflated with -ere"
],
"word": "-er"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "-er"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"raw_tags": [
"conflated with -ere"
],
"word": "-er"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "-ar"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-yr"
},
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-iere"
},
{
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-ier"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"word": "-aire"
},
{
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"lang_code": "gd",
"word": "-air"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-aire"
},
{
"lang": "Sicilian",
"lang_code": "scn",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-eri"
}
],
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "la:-ārius<id:agent noun>",
"id": "nouns",
"pos": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#nominalization|Nominalization]] of\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjective\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjective\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"suffix\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-āzios\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ārius\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"nominalization\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ārius\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"-ier\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" }\" data-id=\"nouns\" data-lang=\"fro\" data-title=\"-ier\" id=\"Old_French:_nouns\">",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "la",
"3": "-ārius",
"4": "-ārium",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "accusative of <i class=\"Latn mention nowrap\" lang=\"la\">-ārius</i>",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Latin -ārium (accusative of -ārius)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "la",
"3": "-ārius",
"4": "-ārium",
"pos": "accusative of <i class=\"Latn mention nowrap\" lang=\"la\">-ārius</i>"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Latin -ārium (accusative of -ārius)",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Latin -ārium (accusative of -ārius).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-er",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-ier",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"pos": "suffix",
"related": [
{
"word": "-ir"
},
{
"word": "-re"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old French terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
5,
8
]
],
"english": "butcher",
"text": "bouchier",
"translation": "butcher",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"indicates a profession"
],
"senseid": [
"fro:suf"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old French terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
6,
9
]
],
"english": "forester",
"text": "forestier",
"translation": "forester",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"indicates location, where one lives"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-ier"
}
Download raw JSONL data for -ier meaning in Old French (18.8kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: -ier/Old French 'jo' base_tags={'first-person', 'singular', 'indicative'}",
"path": [
"-ier"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-ier",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: -ier/Old French 'il' base_tags={'singular', 'third-person', 'error-unrecognized-form', 'second-person', 'indicative'}",
"path": [
"-ier"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-ier",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: -ier/Old French 'nos' base_tags={'first-person', 'plural', 'error-unrecognized-form', 'second-person', 'indicative'}",
"path": [
"-ier"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-ier",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: -ier/Old French 'vos' base_tags={'indicative', 'error-unrecognized-form', 'second-person', 'plural'}",
"path": [
"-ier"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-ier",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: -ier/Old French 'il' base_tags={'third-person', 'plural', 'error-unrecognized-form', 'second-person', 'indicative'}",
"path": [
"-ier"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-ier",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: -ier/Old French 'que jo' base_tags={'singular', 'subjunctive', 'error-unrecognized-form'}",
"path": [
"-ier"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-ier",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: -ier/Old French 'qu’il' base_tags={'singular', 'error-unrecognized-form', 'subjunctive', 'second-person'}",
"path": [
"-ier"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-ier",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: -ier/Old French 'que nos' base_tags={'singular', 'subjunctive', 'error-unrecognized-form', 'second-person', 'plural'}",
"path": [
"-ier"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-ier",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: -ier/Old French 'que vos' base_tags={'singular', 'subjunctive', 'error-unrecognized-form', 'second-person', 'plural'}",
"path": [
"-ier"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-ier",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: -ier/Old French 'qu’il' base_tags={'singular', 'subjunctive', 'error-unrecognized-form', 'second-person', 'plural'}",
"path": [
"-ier"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-ier",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: -ier/Old French 'nos' base_tags={'dummy-ignore-skipped', 'second-person', 'error-unrecognized-form', 'imperative', 'plural'}",
"path": [
"-ier"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-ier",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: -ier/Old French 'vos' base_tags={'dummy-ignore-skipped', 'second-person', 'error-unrecognized-form', 'imperative', 'plural'}",
"path": [
"-ier"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-ier",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old French dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-16 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (d6fca27 and 65e1673). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.